In this section, Zarathustra hears of a sage renowned for his teachings on sleep and virtue, who is highly esteemed and attracts many youths to his lectures. Intrigued, Zarathustra joins the audience to listen. The sage expounds on the importance of good sleep, elevating it to the highest virtue.

The sage outlines a regimen where one must overcome oneself ten times daily to achieve a satisfying sleep. Reconciliation with oneself is crucial, as unresolved conflicts lead to poor sleep. Discovering ten truths each day prevents the soul from remaining hungry, and laughing ten times calms the digestive system, which he metaphorically refers to as the “father of affliction.” This alludes to traditional moral codes, notably the Ten Commandments, emphasizing prohibitions against lying, adultery, and coveting—behaviors that the sage warns will disrupt one’s peace and sleep.

Honour and shame in the face of sleep! That is the first thing! And avoid all those who
sleep badly and stay awake at night!

Zarathustra, upon hearing the sage’s discourse, internally laughs. He realizes that while the sage understands how to induce sleep, his wisdom seems confined to this practical aim. Zarathustra’s reaction highlights his perspective, in which virtue should serve a higher purpose beyond facilitating physical well-being. The interaction sets up a contrast between conventional teachings that promote contentment, and Zarathustra’s quest for deeper meaning, foreshadowing his continued philosophical journey.